Total Quality Management (TQM) :: GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

TQM1 TQM in Foodservice Presentation One of the most significant enterprises in general is the food business. The food industry comprises of everything from food preparing plants to quick food cafés. The food business influences about each living individual. The vast majority don't understand how significant this industry is and how it influences their regular day to day existences. That is the reason it is basic to the point that the results of this industry are at their highest caliber, are liberated from microorganisms and guarantee that the buyer won't face any hindering results. All out Quality The board (TQM) assumes a major job in promising these outcomes. Complete Quality Management is by all accounts a mistaking term for the layman. TQM is a way of thinking pushed by Dr. Edward Deming, an incredibly famous quality master. It was generally acknowledged by Japan from 1950 ahead. They utilized this guideline for persistent refinement of an association wide quality framework. From that point forward numerous associations around the globe have received TQM or comparative techniques. There have been numerous triumphs and many announced disappointments. Achievement of the framework relies upon the absolute responsibility of the individuals to quality through and through inside the association. TQM execution is in light of cooperation and the way of thinking of nonstop improvement. Measurements should be utilized broadly to dissect and diminish the variety all the while. In the food business, ceaseless improvement is crucial to the endurance of a explicit organization or café. The client is continually buying the results of contenders and any decrease in quality will approach a diminishing in net benefits. There are a few zones that a café may concentrate on for quality improvement, for example, menu contributions, friendliness, administration, neatness, and over all food quality. These angles will be canvassed in this paper concerning Total Quality Management. Synopsis Worker and Product Quality Different notable organizations, for example, Ritz-Carlton Hotels and Taco Bell have actualized Total Quality Management programs with an end goal to increment quality and piece of the overall industry. Ritz-Carlton of Kansas City, Missouri, as of late redone menu choices for its housetop level café and bar activity. This happened through client reviews, center gathering investigations of nearby café supporters, worker sentiments, and market examination. This started with the head supervisor, Norm Howard, as TQM must beginning at the top to be fruitful. He expresses that It [TQM] is tied in with tuning in to your clients what's more, enabling your workers to take part in significant business choices (Stephenson, 1993). Taco Bell, with the execution of a Total Quality Management framework, has improved its speed of administration, kind disposition of administration, and incentive for cash evaluations. This organization has done this by engaging representatives and looking for client input. By incorporating their workers into the framework,

Army out of Vieques essays

Armed force out of Vieques expositions Rafael Torres, a previous security monitor at the U.S. Naval force base in Vieques, said he despite everything hears clamors in his mind. A sound like the contender stream that in 1995 flung two concrete filled shots a couple of feet from where he was standing (ROSS A10). A few days ago I was resting in my easy chair, and I dove on the floor when I heard planes humming in my ears, said Torres (qtd in ROSS A10), 49, who has since resigned with an incapacity annuity in view of mental injury from the mishap. He said one bomb struck the three-story perception post he was guarding, smashing through the main two stories. The second landed feet from where he stood, regurgitating lumps of concrete. Torres didn't understand this at that point, yet this tight miss foreshadowed a significantly more genuine mishap (ROSS A10). Months after the fact on April 19,1999, one of Torres' colleagues, David Sanes Rodriguez was pulling obligation at a similar post when a Navy F-18 dumped two 5,000-pound bombs about 1.9 miles off base. Not at all like the idle practice bombs Torres experienced, these shots pressed lives explosives. Sanes was slaughtered, and four other base representatives were harmed. This episode has mixed across the board political resistance to the Navy's multi year authority over this Puerto Rican island-district. Presently, the pentagon is at risk for losing its chief maritime preparing office. The Atlantic Fleet Weapons Training Facility in Vieques, which is decided by military examiners to be a key national security resource and the main site where the military can arrange coordinated ocean and air preparing (The Pentagon A32). Puerto Rico has been a United States an area for a long time, and for 61 of those years the U.S. naval force has utilized the Puerto Rican island of Vieques as a work on shelling range. US troops have prepared on the island of Vieques, Puerto Rico, since World War II. 70% (around 22,000 of 33,000 sections of land) of Vieques is constrained by the U.S. Naval force. ... <!

Chivalry in Arthurian Legend Essay -- Medieval Times Knighthood Essays

Gallantry in Arthurian Legend Merriam-Webster's on-line word reference characterizes gallantry as the framework, soul, or customs of medieval knighthood. As Leon Gautier, creator of Chivalry, characterizes this framework and soul of knighthood by distinguishing rules of valor, two of which are very much outlined in Lanval, TheWife of Bath's Tale, and The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnel: Thou shalt never lie, and will stay dedicated to thy vowed word, and Thou shalt be liberal, and offer magnanimity to everyone(qtd. in Chivalry). Each of the three stories appear to recommend the overwhelming topic of a knight satisfying his statement. This is appeared by the way that, in every story, the knight's vow is paid attention to very, is treated as an agreement, and is trusted certainly. The liberality of the knight is likewise depicted in these works. It isn't hard to see, given the ethical hint of these principles, that the Church had a lot to do with characterizing the estimations of knighthood. The Wife of Bath's Tale and The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnell both follow the account of a knight who makes a rash guarantee on which his life depends. Considerably under the most troublesome of conditions, these guarantees are kept. In the tale of Dame Ragnell and Sir Gawain, King Arthur is portrayed by the creator as a knight who uncovered away the respect, Where-so-evere he went(9). Without a doubt he should be held to any code of respect forced on a knight! While on a chasing campaign, King Arthur is gone up against by a completely outfitted knight, named Gromer Somer Joure. Arthur is distant from everyone else, hardly furnished and incapable to shield himself against Gromer, who is prepared to end Arthur's life. So as to maintain a strategic distance from moment demise, Arthur is compelled to vow to return, alone and in this equivalent arraye(87... ...h, shield the ruler, his territory and his kin, and be gracious to the women. They were straightforward, recognized men of their word. At the point when they gave their statement, it was trusted without question. They were the embodiment of gallantry. Works Cited: Lanval. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Seventh Edition. Volume 1. New York: 2000. (127-140). Merriam-Webster Online: The Language Center. Online. Web. 2000. Merriam-Webster Incorporated. Accessible: http://www.m-w.com/ Value, Brian R. On Knighthood. Online. Web. 11/22/2000. Accessible: http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Oracle/7374/knights-2.html Rules of Chivalry. Online. Web. 11/11/2000. Accessible: http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Acropolis/5266/chivalry.htm The Wife of Bath's Prologue and Tale. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Seventh Edition. Volume 1. New York: 2000. (253-280).

Income Inequality Between Men and Women - Free Essay Example

On April 10, 2018, women celebrated Equal Pay Day, which is really nothing to celebrate. Equal Pay Day is the annual day that marks when finally the average womans income has caught up to a mans income. Sadly, it took an additional three months and ten days for women to finally earn what men earned in 2017. Women have been set aside from men since day one, and are still trying to catch up. It is usually assumed that women are the ones to do more of the household work and child care, which is one reason why women earn less money in the first place. Back in the 1920s when women were just beginning to enter the workforce, they were automatically paid less than men. In the 1930s women were required to be paid 25% less than men. Women were paid less than men because of what they were known for previously, which is to take care of the house and the children. Women continue to be paid less than men in their chosen profession, simply because of their gender, where they live, or because of events such as maternity leave. This leads to detrimental effects on the livelihood of women and shows the need to eliminate the gender wage gap. In almost every occupation, men get paid more than women, which lead many people to believe that the reason men make more than women is only because of their gender. But in nearly all jobs, average earnings for women are lower than that of men (Hegewisch). It does not seem to matter if the occupation is mostly consisted of men, women, or even an equal amount of both men and women; men still make more money. Even in the most common female occupations such as nurses, elementary school teachers, and administrative assistants, mens median earnings are more than $500 per week than womens (Hegewisch). That $500 difference has a huge impact on women, resulting in them losing thousands of dollars every year. These thousands of dollars could be used in other areas of womens lives, but instead, it is just cut off. Across almost all professions, women earn only 78 cents per dollar as compared to men. This translates into a loss of $10,000 per year, which could pay for 14 more months of child care, 74 more weeks of groceries, and an additional 10 months of rent for the average woman (Jones). Stereotypes for specific jobs clearly play a role. A contributing factor to income inequality is the choice that women make regarding the profession they take interest in. By way of example, it is more likely for men to seek out top jobs in business and or government, resulting in men earning more money. Among physicians, for example, women are more likely than men to choose lower-paid specialties (though this does not explain all of the pay gap among doctors) (MAP). Women, starting as early as high school, need to be encouraged to pursue degrees and professions that are stereotypically male professions. Doing this will help close the gender wage gap and eliminate the stereotypical aspect of different professions, because if women start to join more male dominated professions, more and more women will be encouraged to join them, resulting in employers requiring to equal the incomes between men and women. Another obvious example of the gender pay gap is one of the most popular entertainment sources in the world sports. Men significantly get more money and attention than women. In sports, more likely than not, people like to watch men play more than women. This leads to men getting paid much more money. One of the biggest improvements in the sports world was the passing of Title IX. Title IX is a federal law that states: No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance'(NCAA). Title IX led to colleges being required to give out scholarships to women athletes, further expanding womens professional sports after college. Before Title IX was passed in 1972, there were no athletic scholarships available to women, and no championship games were held for womens sports. Title IX was intended to enforce equal ac cess to womens athletics. But even with these advancements, there is still a huge difference between men and women athletes salaries. The only way to narrow this gap is for sponsors (such as Nike, Gatorade, etc.) and media networks to promote womens sports the same as men, and for the owners of sports teams to pay female athletes more. This will encourage the decrease of the gender wage gap because if the womens professional sports gets more attention, more people will want to watch it and find it more interesting, resulting in the athletes being paid a significantly larger amount than before. Maternity leave is known to be one of the largest causes of the gender pay gap because women lose a significant amount of money from going on maternity leave and often never catch up. When men and women complete school and start working, they are paid almost the same amount of money. But that is before the gender pay gap appears, which significantly increases over their working years. Maternity leave usually occurs when women are in their late 20s and mid-30s. The main issue is that so many women have children, so it has a large effect on many jobs and incomes as, unlike women who are married and have children, unmarried women without children continue on the path to earn almost as much as men, but still lag behind. A stereotype exists that when women return to work after maternity leave, they will put forth less of an effort and will be less focused on advancing their position in the workplace. The research shows that this stereotype leads the employers to think that they need to pa y them less because they think the women will act exactly like their stereotypes; less dedicated, less competent, and less efficient (Hardwick). Many companies in the United States have paid maternity leaves, but not all. However, when women take maternity leave (if their employer does not offer paid leave), they are not only missing out on their income, but they also can miss out on big opportunities, like a promotion. This puts women at a severe disadvantage because they could have had the opportunity to earn more money through a promotion, but they were not able to because of their absence at work. Maternity leave may not seem like it puts women at a major disadvantage, but it does because it lasts much longer than the typical 12 weeks that companies offer. A further detrimental effect of the gender wage gap is the impact it has on the womans family. When a woman has to leave her job for a reason such as maternity leave, she may not get paid. This could mean that the family does not receive any source of income, and when the woman returns to work, she is behind on being eligible for a raise, bonus or promotion. In some states, the gender pay gap is larger than others. The best place for women to work, where the gender pay gap is the lowest, is in Washington D.C. Female workers earn 89.5 cents per every dollar male workers earn. The state that has the biggest gender pay gap is Louisiana, where women earn only 65.5 cents per every dollar a man makes. Other favorable states are New York (86.6 cents) and Florida (84.9 cents) (MAP). Studies do not provide any clear explanations for why different states have different gender pay gaps; however, one explanation could be that major metropolitan cities such as Los Angeles, New York City, and Miami force employers to pay women closer incomes to men to attract and retain good, diverse talent. The varying salaries between states are troubling to those women who work in the states that have a large gender pay gap because they may not earn enough money to have the option of moving to another state. Gender discrimination also plays a large role in many different areas in the workplace, including income. When women are discriminated against by being paid less, this will negatively impact their motivation, productivity and work ethic. Some other significant results of discrimination in the workplace are being denied a promotion, or even a job itself. These types of discrimination against women constantly deepen the divide between men and women, and women have been trying so hard to eliminate that line for a very long time. About eight in ten women (78%) who say they have encountered gender bias at work say a major reason for the difference in pay is that employers treat women differently than men (Chapter 4). For example, people believe that women are paid less than men is because of the myth that women do not negotiate well. The stereotype for women is to just be polite and agree on everything. This stereotype affects how women negotiate and managers hire (Hardwick), which should never be the case. This puts women at a disadvantage because they are afraid to ask for a larger income. Women feel as if they were to try and argue for a larger income, they would be turned down, which is why most women just accept the offer the employers give, resulting in them receiving a lower income than men. In a very telling experiment, a woman was asked to negotiate a salary for herself, and a friend. When she was negotiating for her friend, she asked for the same pay as men. But when she negotiated for herself, she asked for a significant amount less. (Hardwick) This demonstrates that women need to advocate for themselves as strongly as they do for others. Like the passage of Title IX, another attempt is being made to eliminate the gender pay gap. Although it has not been passed into law, the proposed Paycheck Fairness Act would require employers to offer equal pay for equal work. The bill would further punish employers if they are unable to justify why they pay women less than men. Also, the law would offer programs to train women to improve their negotiation skills. Each of these are important components of the Paycheck Fairness Act, but until it is passed, income inequality between men and women will continue on into the foreseeable future. To have a chance at closing the gender pay gap, significant changes must be made by society as a whole. As to maternity leave, sadly, only women can bear children, so it immediately makes it unfair that women have no choice but to lose income and miss out on potential promotions at work. Employers need to make efforts into not holding maternity leave against women in pay and advancement. And laws such as Title IX and the Paycheck Fairness Act (if enacted) force colleges and employers to treat and pay women equally. Additionally, colleges can encourage women to pursue higher paying professions. Hopefully over time, these efforts will be taken into action and women will finally earn as much as men.

Should College Be A High School - 853 Words

To Community or to State? One of the most daunting decision a high school senior must make, besides deciding on what to wear to their senior prom and how to leave their mark in school, is to make their final decision on what college they want to go. Some have already had their decision made the moment they received their admission letter, while others spend most of their day on weighing the pros and cons of each college before making that final decision. I, however, was the student that caught in the middle between these two types of students. At one point I was committed to going to a community college like Consumnes River College and Sacramento City College. I filled out the admission form, finished an hour-long online orientation, and was able to complete a last-minute meeting with a counselor at Sacramento City College. I was all set to enter the Los Rios Community Colleges until the final day to accept admission for California State Universities. On that day, I started to wonder if I was making the c orrect decision. So I spent that entire day re-evaluating the pros and cons for both colleges. Positives of Community and State Colleges One of the most important things I worried about for college was having to pay for it. Though I signed up and was qualified to receive financial aid, I was afraid that going to the state university would cause severe problems for my parents. Going to the community college would ease the amount of money needed to go toShow MoreRelatedShould College Be High School?849 Words   |  4 PagesBefore coming to college, I was always in a rush to hurry up and graduate then enter college. During my highschool years I didn t spend any of my time with friends on school campus nor did I spent time getting to know people. I thought highschool was a complete waste of time and if i could zip through it and get good grades I would get high school over with at a fast pace. I did fairly well in high school zipping my way through, I thought that if I could do well in high school I should do better inRead MoreShould College Be High School?1287 Words   |  6 PagesWhy does our parents urge us to go to college? After high school students can decide whether or not to go college, they are adults now are they not? Either decision made, high school graduates would need a job to have the income heading their way so that they can experience the joys of being an adult in the world. Of course is that student prepared to really face the world head on, to have all the impressive characteristics that makes business’s want them or have the knowledge to start their ownRead MoreShould College Be High School?862 Words   |  4 Pages This class is one of the most major events that has happened to me so far. Choosing to take college classes while I’m in high school was a daunting decision. I’ve heard my councilors say things along the lines of â€Å"that’s really brave† and â€Å"good for you, getting a jumpstart on college†, but in reality, I’m just trying to beat the clock. In all honesty, this assignment was really difficult. The first time I read the instructions, for whatever reason, I thought we were to write a five-page memoir aboutRead MoreShould College Degree Be A High School?1841 Words   |  8 PagesCollege Degrees Just a few decades ago, having a high school education was considered a luxury and sometimes an unnecessary amount of education for some individuals. Once the amount of students attending high school rose, college seemed to be the next best course of action, however it still was not something that became absolutely necessary in our economy up until this decade. The amount of college graduates has risen, yet the number of students either dropping out of college or not even consideringRead MoreShould College Degree Be A High School Diploma?883 Words   |  4 Pagestechnology advancing each day, many jobs in today s society require more than just a high school diploma. Writer Catherine Rampell says, â€Å"A college degree, in other words, is becoming the new high school diploma: the minimum credential required to get even the most basic, entry-level job† (The Washington Post). No matter what college degree one earns, there will be better opportunities available. Having a colleg e degree helps someone develop confidence, allows someone to become better off economicallyRead MoreShould College Degree Be A High School Diploma?882 Words   |  4 Pagestechnology advancing each day, many jobs in todays society require more than just a high school diploma. Writer Catherine Rampell says, â€Å"A college degree, in other words, is becoming the new high school diploma: the minimum credential required to get even the most basic, entry-level job† (The Washington Post). No matter what college degree one earns, there will be better opportunities available. Having a college degree helps someone develop confidence, allows someone to become better off economicallyRead MoreCollege Should Be A Training Base For High School Degree1249 Words   |  5 PagesMy dad always said, the higher education changes his life trail. When he was in high school he’s grade was dragged by English, although he was good at sciences, his GPA was debased. My grandparents urged him to find a job after he graduated high school immediately, but he thought he should master a specific professional skill to apply for a better occupation in the future. He didn’t listen to my grandparents, he attended to an entrance examination of a medical university and became a dentist afterRead MoreHigh School And College Should Have A Greater Chance For Success922 Words   |  4 Pagesbetween high school and college should have a greater chance for success† (S.Hansen). Most of us spend 15 to 16 years in school to get to college. School plays a significant role in our life. We can do so much different things in school such as play sports, volunteer and extracurricular activities. High school and college are significantly different and they are also similar in some ways, for instance they are different academically and socially. College education is very expensive while high schoolRead MoreStudents Should Start Planning For College At The Beginning Of High School1443 Words   |  6 Pagesprice of high education will rise. It’s the dog that never catches its tail.† Bennett asserts that while the prices of education are rising, they are not going to start falling as a result of, the amount the government puts in (Student Loan Quotes, 2015). The average student leaves college with an average of $35,000 of debt. With this debt, students have to put off major life decisions such as starting a family or buying a house, for the reason that their debt has accumulated from their college yearsRead More High School Athletes Should Consider College Over the NBA Essay1196 Words   |  5 Pages In the last ten years many young and talented high school basketball players have chosen to enter the NBA draft. These 17 and 18 year olds decide to skip college, and instead they choose to take a big risk and enter the NBA, hoping to become stars and earn millions of dollars. In many cases, these youngsters’ careers are a failure because they don’t turn out as talented as they thought to be. They end up spending only a few seasons in the NBA because they are not good enough to compete at that

The Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi - 903 Words

In The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi, the genre choice of the graphic novel vividly portrays the life-experience that Satrapi herself gone through as a youth growing up in Iran back in the 1980s. Satrapi utilizes a unique drawing style to emphasize the influence that the Islamic Republic has brought to her. The recurring action of teachers implanting Islamic values in children throughout Marjane’s education in Iran is demonstrated through a set of related images, which implicitly reflect on the destruction of childhood that is caused by a totalitarian regime. For instance, the teachers force the girls to wear veils on page1 and tells the parents that â€Å"either [girls] obey the law, or [they are] expelled† (Satrapi, 98) later on. Also, the background of these images takes place where Iran is involved in both revolution and war; it contributes to children’ miserable situation even more. Images are satirical as they connote how the school, under the infl uence of a fundamentalist society, damaging the children by treating them strictly and condemning them to accomplish what the society think is right. Among the recurring images, a metaphorical image that stood out symbolically is displayed on page 95, in which the teacher mobilizes Marjane and her classmates to beat their hearts to mourn death of young soldiers. The full-page panel exhibits an oppressive atmosphere with its heavy shading, which employs a pessimistically impression with Marjane’s childhoodShow MoreRelatedThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi Essay2019 Words   |  9 Pageslargely affected the views of Iranians by other nations. The graphic novel, The Complete Persepolis, written by Marjane Satrapi (Satrapi, 2003), conveys many of these events and changes through the eyes of a child growing up in the 1980s in Iran. Satrapi’s main purpose for this book is to describe how the Iranian government was corrupt, causing foreign nations to have a tainted v iew of all Iranian citizens. The Complete Persepolis does so by presenting major events and changes in a manner that is directedRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi2268 Words   |  10 Pages Review of Literature While I will pull from other sources, the main focus of this paper will be The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi. Throughout this graphic novel, Satrapi tells her life story and what it was like growing up in Iran. In the opening illustrations, she describes her childhood and her transition from a secular school to one that was religious and separated by gender. At this time it had become law for a woman to wear the veil, or head scarf when in public. Iran transitionedRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi1552 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi the idea of inequality is introduced through several examples. Marjane Satrapi uses the title to comment on inequality in all aspects of Marjane’s life, including gender, religious, economic, and racial status. Although there are several forms of inequality that the title attempts to highlight within the story, it focuses primarily on the issues of gender inequality by compa ring the issues that Marjane faces due to her gender and comparing itRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi1017 Words   |  5 PagesThis pepper identifies and analyses some of the highlights found in the culture narrative of a visual comic memoir titled â€Å"The Complete Persepolis† by Marjane Satrapi, and a culture storyline, â€Å"Code White† by Debra Anderson. Starting with â€Å"The Complete Persepolis† the book is about Satrapi’s experience as she transitions from a young woman into adulthood in Rasht, Iran and Vienna, Australia during and after the Islamic and culture revolution between the periods of 1979-1995. The first publishedRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi1185 Words   |  5 PagesThere are certain countries that are ran through dictatorship, they abuse the power they have to the country. In the story, The Complete Persepolis written by Marjane Satrapi, she changes the view towards Iran through occurrences and eastern fundamentalist ideas. In 1979, there was the Islamic revolution in Iran. This year was the year that was going to have many changes to the country. In chapter one of the Veil, there are characters and their freedom of expression being repressed as well as theRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi944 Words   |  4 Pages The Complete Persepolis, written by Marjane Satrapi is a graphic novel that illustrates the authors unforgettable and very rough childhood while growing up in Tehran, Iran during the Islamic Revolution. The book was basically set up with events as the chapters. For example, the chapter â€Å"The Key† describes how plastic keys were handed to the young soldiers as their way to heaven when they died. This is what they were told at least. The book starts when Marji is 10 years old, which isRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi Essay2678 Words   |  11 PagesThe Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi The Veil The reader is introduced to Marjane at 10 in Iran, 1980. She goes to school and wears a veil, just like everyone else. The women in Iran don’t want to wear a veil The new regime in Iran made it mandatory for women to wear a veil. They also segregated the schools between girls and boys Marjane says she wants to be a prophet The school thinks it’s weird that she wants to be a prophet, so they call her parents Even though she wants to be a prophetRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis Marjane Satrapi Analysis1072 Words   |  5 PagesIn her graphic novel â€Å"The Complete Persepolis,† Marjane Satrapi explores different identities and works through troubling hardships as she comes closer to who she truly is as an educated Iranian woman. Satrapi expresses the many trials and tribulations she endured while living in and out of Iran during parts of the Islamic Revolution, all whilst trying to find her identity as a child, teenager, and adult. Although she loses herself along the way, she always finds her true identity and self-worthRead MoreMarjane Satrapi s Story Of The Complete Persepolis Essay1022 Words   |  5 Pagesan unfriendly world. This is not a fictitious story. This is an actual event that happened to the author of The Complete Persepolis. Marjane Satrapi, the author of The Complete Persepolis, grew up during the 1979 Revolution. This event changed many people’s lives, e ither it was for the better or worse is hard to say. Nevertheless, it influenced Satrapi s whole life. In the book, Satrapi expresses her childhood memories through her eyes as a child. Her experiences and ancestry can be clearly shownRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi And I Am Nujood1495 Words   |  6 Pagesthe patriotism that the country gives. Having these ideals one can see that some Americans are even question their own culture, and are constantly changing it due to the surge of countercultures and trend setters. From the texts The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi and I Am Nujood by Nujood Ali one can observe how western culture has affected people who are not raised within Iranian and Yemini cultures, and it grants a glimpse into other cultures and their beliefs. Despite the culture shock in

Study of Conselling Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Case Study of Conselling Answer: Introduction Counseling approaches are techniques that provide a framework for counselors and therapists to listen, understand and analyses clients behavior, related feelings, clients thoughts and behavior to help them understand clients behavioral journey from diagnosis to post-treatment stage. The approaches are an integral part of the therapeutic process that is classified in many different methods and each fit a certain behavior. These approaches are structured in a way that they help the therapist to develop their skills and help clients as its their main goal in their career. The counseling process is done in sessions conducted in varying durations depending on age. Initially, in the case of an adult therapeutic process, a session cannot go for more than two hours and for a teenager, not more than 45 minutes and below. The sessions are meant to help understand the issues affecting the client and help get a solution to help the client move on without many issues. Rebecca as a young adult is unemployed and the situation to which her jobless case presents itself is in the context of self-denial and withdrawal from her normal behavior, poor relationship terms and despondency about her future goals. There are various counseling approaches that can be used to deal with Rebeccas case to help find a probable solution. Two of the many approaches are; Cognitive and behavioral therapy approach and humanistic therapy approach. The counseling process is influenced by different factors that are meant to enhance results. The steps and procedure involved during the intervention process are according to the therapeutic set strategies and rules of counseling but are discussed or led to the client before the process begins (PENNINGTON, 2013). The role of deciding what steps to be followed is done by the counselor but after the client has agreed and given her consent. The counselor also gives guidelines and options to help solve the clients problem but the decisions on the possible solution are done by the client herself. Before administering any issue related to the client's problem, the counselor has to set an appropriate environment, favorable conditions that fit the theme of counseling as well as develop means for creation of rapport. Importance of creating a safe environment during one to one interview Enhance concentration of the client. A clients divided attention during the one to one interview may result in misunderstanding and even at times interpersonal conflicts where the client or the counselor cannot come to times with the information being given. to enhance this counselor clients concentration, I would ensure that the environment I have chosen is free from noise and other destructing factors. Also ensuring that the specific location of the interview is in line with the clients beliefs and values to prevent biases. Example, if a client doesn't believe in cults, she cannot be taken to cultic places as it might destruct her concentration during the interview. To ensure openness. A proper environment ensures that the client is able to speak out without fear and in the right manner as its stipulated in the counseling rule (SINGH, 2012)s. in this case, Rebeccas condition is vital and has even made her withdraw from her normal behaviors and relationships that had been there before and if placed in a place with no privacy, it might be hard for her to feel free and speak out all her problems as well as worries. Example, in this case, I would ensure that the interview environment is not secluded but not in an open area where everyone passing by wishes to pass her or his point by causing destructions. Influence a good outcome of the therapeutic process. Its always said that the first impression of a certain objective and activity in most cases influences the perception and outcome of the whole process. If the client, in this case, Rebecca who is a young adult, honesty and straight forwardness, as well as clarity, is very important to ensure that what the clients perceive in the first instance do not negatively affect the whole process. Example, ensuring tidiness and proper planning of the surrounding, in this case, is very important to ensure the clients observation attitude is enhanced. Being in a well-organized area means that the client may develop trust in the first instance as she believes the counselor is a good planner. Good planners are good managers and hence good controllers of attitudes that they believe are right. Importance of body language during one to one interview There are various body languages that are expressed during a one to one interview. This is mainly enhanced to pass particular information that may or may not be passed verbally. Some of this body languages and their importance include the following; Trustworthy or untrustworthy. This is a factor that is mainly observed through eye contact. Observing eye contact with the interviewer shows that the client is attentive and at high chances, he believes or trusts the interview with the information she will pass through. Staring at the interviewer so much executes that the client do not trust what the interviewer is passing and in return, the client cannot completely trust the interviewer. A smile on both the interviewer and the clients shows that both are anxious to engage in a rightful conversation with an aim that the conversation will bear good fruits. It also illustrates openness and sense of honesty as the client is able to understand that the interviewee is positive and direct to access information that would be of great importance. A sign of either agreeing or disagreeing with either of the statements given. Example, nodding of head elaborates either agreeing or disagreeing with the interviewer. Feeling of disappointment. In cases where the client is disappointed or her feelings are compromised by the interviewer, she may respond by showing a changed face like frowning or triggering bad face shapes. Lack of concentration. An example is finger fidgeting that showcases that the client is not concentrating, distracted or even bored in the process and needs time to relax or help to get back on the track. Conditions that could have an adverse impact on interactions These are factors or situations that would have negative effects on the interactions between the client and the interviewer. Some of these factors include; Low self-esteem. Due to unemployment and lack of self-believe that though there is no employment life still goes on and it will get better, the client may devalue herself to an extent that she only talks negative about herself and whatever surrounds her (LAPWORTH SILLS, 2010). This would diverse the main intentions of the interview that is meant to help establish ways to help solve the problem affecting her. Mental disorientation. This is a situation where a person appears to be fine but in the real state, her mental capacity is not okay due to depression, fatigue as well as a mental imbalance. This is a dilemma and the worst form of losing focus as only the only way to correct it is by correcting one's state of belief and personal evaluation. Rebecca withdrawing even from her family relationship status and from her behaviors and later becoming despondent about her future was as a result of hopelessness and the only way to correct this is by rebuilding oneself to start believing you can again and everything is possible. Role of contracting and negotiating skills Negotiation skills are important to help prepare the client for the processes ahead, her role, the cost and resources to be used to enhance the success of the process depending on the intensity of the issue. Active listening. The skills of contraction and negotiation are very important in addressing the service user expectations as it enhances the client to actively participate in the process and listen carefully to the service provider (MACKENZIE, 2010). This also ensures that the client is able to identify any compromising situation that may occur and also identify ways of preventing it. Cost consciousness. If there is a cost involved in the procedure to offer services, contracting skills are important as they work together with the negotiation skills to help the client make a deal on only what she can afford. Example, in counseling therapeutic services, contract services are agreed upon by the client and the therapist through the negotiation of the contract to be signed for service delivery. Emotional control. in the process of negotiation, the client with the negotiation skills is able to keep check of her emotions during the negotiation process as it may not be favorable and requires one to set basis through negotiations. Specific interviewing skills These are principles that are enhanced during the process of the interview by the interviewer. Some of these include; Adequate preparation for the interview (ROSS, NILSEN, 2013). A good preparation for any interview enhances its success. this ensures that there is no much time wasted on the day and time for the interviews. It also helps increase one courage as due preparation involves research thus reduced embarrassment cases. Specific interview objectives. This ensures that there is a distinction between the general objectives of any given interview and specific objectives for a certain interview to help prevent biases during the process. Creation of rapport. This is a process of establishing a temporary relationship with the client to help gain her trust that is vital in the process. This is done by mainly identifying some common or basic factor of a given category of people depending on the type of interview to take place. It ensures that there is the trust created between the client and the interviewer and it's very important to enhance the interview outcomes. This involves the interviewer to develop a well-written structure of the interview proceedings and development that is vital to ensure that no wastage of any production factor is wasted (RODRI?GUEZ, FRANCE, HETT, 2013). May it be resources, time or even other efforts Making notes. This involves the interviewer to prepare the proper environment where he can be able to take notes to ensure that all information given by the interviewee is recorded to prevent misunderstanding and also keep data that can be referred from time to time in reference to the line of the interview being carried out. Key features of counseling approaches used Cognitive and behavioral therapy approach; these are therapy approaches and work together on the basis of how one thinks and behaves. It's an important approach and illustrates that its possible to change or recondition our thoughts or way we conduct ourselves to help overcome specific problems. The key features of this approach are; acceptance where the client has to first accept she has the problem, try to evaluate the problem in mind and think about it, its consequences and later come to thinking and perception that it's possible. Advantages Ensures that the client understands the sources or the possible cause of the situation she is in and also accept that she has a problem. Rebecca, in this case, is able to understand that her main problem is unemployment. Helps the client to understand that one's perception of self-believe starts in the mind and it's very important. Rebecca loss of despondent in her future is not a threat as she is able to understand how she can restore her believe. Disadvantages Its not easy to administer and cannot be helpful to all individuals with cognitive issues. in this case, there is no assurance that the approach will impact to solve Rebeccas problems. Humanistic therapy approach This is a therapeutic technique that focuses on self-development and growth as one carries out her responsibilities (KWAN, 2016).The platform helps those with such problems to identify their strengths and choices here and now. The main features include; reality therapy where the client has to face reality, solution focused therapy where one should be ready to get a solution to her problem. Transpersonal therapy where the change starts in oneself. Advantages Helps one to understand that everything is possible and it's all structured in the mind. Rebecca knew that her past experiences will not determine her future and so she should pick up the pieces and move on. Disadvantages It's not a guarantee that all we passive in the mind and attempt to do will be a success. Influencing Rebecca to be positive and change her mind that she will stand strong again is not easy. Conclusion Counseling in every given society is very important and should be administered by specialized as its a technical and varying framework that changes depending on the problem at hand. Approaches used in counseling to help one identify their weak points and help them realize their abilities. All interviews are very important and should enhance self-advancement as they support the creation of courage personal development. References DASH, R. K. (2016). Professional learner's dictionary of spoken english. [Place of publication not identified], Prentice-Hall Of India. FRENCH, R. (2015). How to get a good job after 50: a step-by-step guide to job search success. Wollombi, Exisle Publishing. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=2011956. KWAN, S. S.-M. (2016). Negotiating a Presence-Centred Christian Counselling: Towards a Theologically Informed and Culturally Sensitive Approach. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=4535233. LAPWORTH, P., SILLS, C. (2010). Integration in counselling psychotherapy. Los Angeles, SAGE. MEHTA, K., KO, H. (2014). Gerontological counselling: an introductory book. MACKENZIE, I. E. (2010). English for business studies: a course for business studies and economics students. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. PENNINGTON, A. (2013). The student guide to counselling psychotherapy approaches. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=1046532. RODRI?GUEZ, M. D. C., FRANCE, H., HETT, G. (2013). Diversity, culture and counselling: a Canadian perspective. Calgary, Brush Education. ROSS, C. S., NILSEN, K. (2013). Communicating professionally: a how-to-do-it manual. SINGH, O. P. (2012). Art of effective communication in group discussion and interview. New Delhi, S Chand. TASMAN, A., KAY, J., LIEBERMAN, J. A., FIRST, M. B., RIBA, M. B. (2014). Psychiatry. WIEGAND, H. E., MU?LLER, C. (2014). Handbu?cher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft an international handbook on multimodality in human interaction / ed. by Cornelia Mu?ller ... 38 Vol. 2 38 Vol. 2. Berlin [u.a.], de Gruyte

Yahoo Versus Survivors of the Holocaust Essay Essay Example

Yahoo Versus Survivors of the Holocaust Essay Paper The instance Yahoo versus Survivors of the Holocaust is based on a case that was made by a group of French Nazi concentration cantonment subsisters against the website yokel. com for the auction of Nazi stuffs and other hatred related contents. The Holocaust subsisters sued the company in a Gallic tribunal after the US based Yahoo Company refused to react to the warnings block entree to neo-Nazi contents on its US based waiters. The instance was targeted towards impeaching CEO of Yahoo Timothy Koogle as responsible for the controversial auctioning of Nazi artefacts on the Yahoo web site and if he is found guilty he faces possible captivity in France. The instance besides provides information on the point. com clang which had a negative impact on Yahoo’s public presentation which experienced serious diminution alongside other companies in the advertisement budget. We will write a custom essay sample on Yahoo Versus Survivors of the Holocaust Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Yahoo Versus Survivors of the Holocaust Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Yahoo Versus Survivors of the Holocaust Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In April 2001. Yahoo suffered a 42 % diminution in advertisement gross which led to mass hegira of the company’s prima staff and threatened to replace Koogle. The instance besides indicate out that Yahoo France which was established in 1996 as a subordinate of Yahoo International portions similar organisational construction. same expression. and tailored its contents harmonizing to local gustatory sensations. It is hence. a shared system whereby information that comes up on the company’s US site besides shows up on the Gallic site. Therefore. there was a challenge in making a planetary trade name that is able to accommodate to accommodate local gustatory sensations. In this instance. the challenge of a shared web site has led to a case which was put together in April 2000. La Ligue Contre le Racisme et l’Antisemitisme ( LICRA ) and the Gallic Judaic Students filed a case against the US based company Yahoo. for posting Nazi-era contents for sale on the company’s auction site. Yahoo responded to the case by countersuing LICRA with the US District tribunal for go againsting of constitutional rights of free address in the US. Analyze the chances and menaces of Yahoo set uping subordinates in foreign states which maintain bulk ownership. Yahoo International has developed subordinates that are suited for the company image as a major MNC working in Information Technology ( IT ) . Thecompany is set uping subordinates in foreign states around the universe so that they can keep bulk ownership. For case. in Yahoo France. the contents are tailored to suit local civilization through specific contents such as athleticss classs focused on Tour de France. universe cup association football and the Gallic Decathlon ; while in the UK these classs focused on rugger. cricket. and equestrian events. Yahoo subordinates besides enjoy the chances of bulk ownership which allows the MNC to profit from IT promotion and easiness of transit which makes it easier for the place and host state to hold an effectual international concern. An illustration of the expected experience of Yahoo subordinates right to keep bulk ownership is similar to MTV web International. the music channel operation that reaches 1 billion people in 18 different lingui stic communications and 164 states ; MTV direction assures host states that they are non in the concern of exporting American civilization. they point out their policy of 70 % local content ( Fatehi. 2008 ) . Like MTV Network International. Yahoo International is progress in that it has developed 24 international sites in 13 linguistic communications. in each of its international markets Yahoo built independent directories of local linguistic communication web sites and other contents. The company yokel is able to profit this manner by pulling 40 % users from foreign states. However. the menaces of holding Yahoo in foreign subordinates which maintain bulk ownership is that they risk holding jobs of hosting contents that are non culturally acceptable such as in the instance of the Nazi artefacts demoing up on the company’s French web site and thereby signaling difference due to local civilization. The Gallic representatives. chiefly LICRA finds Yahoo as back uping improper act of hosting Nazi and other hateful contents which is against the Nazi Symbols Act. The symbols associated with Hitler’s Nazis are attractive to bigots on the Web because they suggest antisemitism in an immediate. forceful manner to the general populace ( Poisoning the Web. n. d. ) . Based on the struggle in ideas between the US based company and their Gallic subordinate. there are hazards that are involved in supplying foreign subordinates or their communities’ with the authorization to impeach the company’s actions. Harmonizing to the claim of Yahoo their purposes appear guiltless. Therefore. Yahoo is able to take a stance to protect their Freedom of Speech so that they do non see continued accusal associated with hateful contents. Yahoo calls for protection of the First Amendment of the US Constitution which includes the most basic constituent of freedom of look. the right of freedom of address. the right to freedom of address allows persons to show themselves without intervention or restraint by the authorities ( First Amendment. 2010 ) . The information on the First Amendment of the US Constitution is of import for Yahoo to utilize in defence of the hazards that they could see from their accusers who have see them as disobeying the Anti-Nazi Ac t and Gallic Torahs that prohibited the show of Nazi contents and other hateful stuff. Analyze Yahoo’s societal duty from a stakeholder position Yahoo’s societal duty in this instance will hold a negative consequence on the stakeholder position and their capacity for prosperity due to the struggle laid out in the cases by Yahoo and LICRA. Yahoo is responsible for supplying societal duty to their clients. by supplying safe merchandises at sensible costs. However. Yahoo was accused of demoing auctions of Nazi contents on the company’s U. S. -based Website which was accessible by Gallic users and therefore Yahoo was condemned by Gallic Holocaust subsisters. Yahoo’s societal duty is besides negative due to its Acts of the Apostless that are found by LICRA as disobeying local Torahs and imposts. Yokel made advancement in a countersuit against LICRA which accused that the French’s determination was in misdemeanor of the Communication. Decency Act. and Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Article 10 of the convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Yahoo’s countersuits provide stakeholders with assurance in the organisations ability to get the better of the restraints of the case. Yahoo’s stance in taking on a countersuit is a strong defence which creates chance to recover regard for the company and their stakeholders without admiting a prejudice purpose or mention to Nazi auctions. Take a place on whether Yahoo acted in a mode that was ethically and socially responsible. In the instance Yahoo versus subsisters of the holocaust who is peculiarly Judaic pupils. the company did non run into the high anticipation degree of ethical and societal responsible criterions. This is due to the auction of stuffs that are intolerant. The web shows of Nazi contents and other hateful stuffs which were found on Yahoo web site are unethical and improper. MNCs are responsible to move in a societal responsible manner ; this includes operating within a certain parametric quantity. There is therefore a demand for the company to respond rapidly toward such contents of hatred so that they will protect the company’s image and mission without sing accusal. Neo-Nazis usage the Web to market ware. selling points emblazoned with the immediately recognizable symbols of Hitler’s Nazi party†¦ Like the T-shirt a music fan might purchase at a stone concert. one shirt reads Adolf Hitler European Tour 1939 1945 ( Poisoning the Web. n. d. ) . Based on such negative purposes. Yahoo is obliged to take serious future stairss to insulate neo-Nazi contents from the web site to protect the company’s image and advance societal duty and moralss by reprobating those that misuse the web to distribute hatred. Besides excepting Nazi-era memorabilia from the company’s French-language portal. explicate two extra concern schemes to turn to the issues faced by Yahoo every bit good as the hazards associated with implementing those schemes. Besides excepting Nazi epoch memorabilia from the company’s Gallic linguistic communication portal. it is of import that Yahoo applies extra concern schemes to turn to the issues faced by the company. One scheme that could profit the organisation is the Strategic planning which is the alliance of organisational capablenesss with awaited environmental alterations in the chase of end attainment ( Fatehi. 2008 ) . This scheme is of import because it will supply Yahoo with the apprehension of their environment and the forces that are likely to find how they secure resources and achieve ends. However. there is a downside to this scheme and it is the hazards involved in be aftering scheme which is someway limited to the extent of troubles that can happen as Yahoo expands globally. The multiplicity of cultural. sociopolitical. legal. and economic environments creates quantitative and qualitative troubles ( Fatehi. 2008 ) . The jobs that are likely to originate from Yahoo’s internationalisation are hazardous and there is a opportunity that the house will see extra complexness that is outside of their strategic planning due to new jobs can be a load to the MNC. Cultural facets of scheme are of import schemes and will be the 2nd concern scheme that will turn to Yahoo’s jobs in their foreign markets. This scheme is of import because civilization plays a critical function in commanding MNCs to break back up them in accomplishing their ends ( Fatehi. 2008 ) . In most concern state of affairss persons are expected to use self control and abide by civilization norms. Cultural facet of scheme is an of import influence in finding the firm’s function in globalisation and commanding its foreign operations. The hazards of using civilization facets of scheme is that the cultural difference are huge and vary in construct. Therefore. there is a demand for Yahoo to run into cultural differences peculiarly by understanding the ideas of foreign civilizations. Without understanding the outlook and beliefs of a certain civilization where they operate. Yokel is likely to reencounter troubles similar to the Nazi artifacts auction. Therefore. the hazard of cultural facets of scheme will develop troubles due to complications from assorted cultural differences which should be control in order to advance the company’s international aims. Predict the effects had Yahoo complied with LICRA’s initial demands. There would hold been limited effects for Yahoo if they had complied with LICRA’s initial demands to take Nazi contents from their web site. Alternatively. Yahoo ab initio responded that they had complied with Gallic jurisprudence on this issue and that there website did hold a show or auction of hateful contents or Nazi stuffs. The instance was ab initio made by LICRA bear downing Yahoo with illicitly hosting auctions of Nazism. thenceforth. the Gallic tribunal gave Yahoo a warning to barricade Gallic occupants from sing Nazi auction or face mulcts. Yahoo adhering to LICRA would hold violated their constitutional rights to protect free address in the US Constitution. Thus. Yahoo would put on the line holding to turn to serious issues from their place state about freedom of imperativeness which is linked to freedom of address in the US fundamental law. The right to freedom of the imperativeness guaranteed by the first amendment is non really different from the right to freedom of address ; it allows an person to show themselves through publication and airing ; it is portion of the constitutional protection of freedom of look ; and it does non afford members of the media any particular rights or privileges non afforded to citizens in general ( First Amendment. 2010 ) . Yahoo faces the possibility of running into farther jobs from their users who could utilize the First Amendment as a deal power to utilize the web site without compromising their constitutional rights. It is nevertheless a limited effect if Yahoo is able to react early to users or jurisprudence hatchet mans on the contents display on their web sites. this will avoid disbursals for cases and avoid challenges in procuring grosss for stakeholders. Mentions:1. Fatehi. K. ( 2008 ) . Pull offing internationally: Succeeding in a culturally diverse universe ( 1st ed. ) . Thousand Oaks. CA: Sage Publications Ltd. 2. First Amendment ( 2010 ) Cornell University’s Legal Information Institute. Retrieved 5/26/2012 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. jurisprudence. Cornell. edu/wex/First_amendment 3. Poisoning the Web: Hatred Online ( n. d. ) Neo-Nazis: Stormtroopers of the Web. Retrieved 5/26/2012 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. adl. org/poisoning_web/neo_nazi. asp

Fermentation Essay Example

Fermentation Essay Example Fermentation Essay Fermentation Essay Background research Agitation is a procedure carried out by many micro-organisms and which produces a assortment of utile compounds and this reaction is really of import in industry for baking and brewing. In agitation, C dioxide gas bubbles out of the solution into the air go forthing a mixture of ethyl alcohol and H2O. Ethanol can be separated from the mixture by fractional distillment. Agitation must be carried out in the absence of air to do intoxicant. If air is present, ethanoic acid is made alternatively of intoxicant. This reaction is really of import in industry for baking and brewing. Yeast, is most normally used in baking to interrupt glucose, or other sugars to bring forth different merchandises. In baking and brewing different type of barm is used. An enzyme called saccharase will change over a sugar called sucrose into smaller sugar molecules called glucose and fruit sugar. Glucose is fermented by the barm to ethanol and carbon dioxide. : The released C dioxide causes dough to lift and to keep it high. The produced intoxicant contributes to the staff of life s spirit. The optimum temperature for barm to ferment sugar is 32 A ; deg ; C. In warmer temperature ( 45 A ; deg ; C ) the barm cells will decease. Besides fructose and sucrose attention used by the barm as agitation substrates. Sucrose is straight transformed by an enzyme called saccharase, into glucose and fructose. Sucrose is a good substrate for agitation. When saccharose or glucose is added to the dough, they are faster fermented than malt sugar. Sugars are little molecules which belong to the category of saccharides. As the name implies, a saccharide is a molecule whose molecular expression can be expressed in footings of merely C and H2O. For illustration, glucose has the expression C6 ( H2O ) 6 and sucrose has the expression C6 ( H2O ) 11. More complex saccharides such as amylum and cellulose are polymers of glucose. The difference between a monosaccharose and a disaccharide can be seen in the undermentioned illustration: How make enzymes work? Enzymes speeds up the biochemical reactions and they work best at an optimal temperature, nevertheless if the temperature has increased it will supply more kinetic energy to the molecules involved. Therefore the figure of hits between enzyme and substrate will increase every bit good as the rate of reaction. If temperature rises above the optimal the enzymes will be denatured. The bonds which are keeping the construction together will interrupt and the active sites lose their form and will no longer respond. Mention hypertext transfer protocol: //www.chemie.uni-regensburg.de/Organische_Chemie/Didaktik/Keusch/D-fermentation_sugar-e.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.lycos.com/info/fermentation sugars.html? page=2 Investigating the affects of sugar on the rate of agitation The purpose To look into on how different types of sugars can impact the rate of agitation. There are two different types of sugars that I am traveling to which are monosaccharide and disaccharide sugars. Introduction Respiration is the release of energy from glucose or another organic chemical. The chemical energy in glucose can be used to supply the energy required for growing, fix and motion. This is a controlled procedure that occurs in little stairss and each measure requires respiratory enzymes. These enzymes allow the procedure to take topographic point at organic structure temperature 37C A ; deg ; .m Aerobic Respiration is the normal signifier of respiration. It requires O and releases the most energy from glucose. This signifier of respiration occurs within the chondriosome. Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy C6H12O6 + O2 = CO2+H2O + Energy However, it is possible for respiration to take topographic point without O in a procedure known as anaerobiotic respiration. It besides releases energy from glucose but non every bit much. When barm respires anaerobically it produces C dioxide and intoxicant. When we respire we produce lactic acid. Excessively much lactic acid causes weariness to our musculuss. Yeast produces ethyl alcohol ( intoxicant ) when it respires anaerobically and finally the ethyl alcohol will kill the barm. We can respire in both ways excessively. Normally we use oxygen, but when we are exerting, we may non acquire adequate O into our blood, so our musculuss start to respire anaerobically. Word equation for anaerobiotic respiration: Glucose lactic acid + Energy C6H12O6 2C3H6O3 + Energy Sugars can be categorized as either simple or complex depending on their chemical construction, in other words the figure of carbohydrates ( glucids ) they are composed of such as: Monosaccharide Are the most basic unit of saccharides and they are the simplest signifier of sugar. Examples of monosaccharide include glucose, fructose, and galactose. Monosaccharides are the edifice blocks of disaccharides such as sucrose and polyoses ( such as cellulose and amylum ) . Disaccharide Two monosaccharose joined together by a glycosidic linkage is called a dual sugar or disaccharide. The most common disaccharide is sucrose. It is composed of glucose and fruit sugar. Sucrose is normally used by workss to transport sugar from one portion of the works to another. Polysaccharide Polysaccharides are polymeric saccharide constructions, formed of reiterating units joined together by glycosidic bonds. These constructions are frequently additive, but may incorporate assorted grades of ramification. When all the monosaccharose in a polyose is the same type the polyose is called a gay polyose, but when more than one type of monosaccharose is present they are called hetero polyoses. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.polypeptide-polysaccharide.com/ Hypothesis I hypothesise that glucose sugar which is a monosaccharose will hold a greater rate of agitation than saccharose which a disaccharide sugar. Justification There are different types of sugars that have different effects on the reproduction of barm, which would hold an consequence on the rate of agitation. Therefore, I am traveling to look into the chief two sugars ( Monosaccharide and disaccharides ) to look into which type of sugar will hold a greater rate of agitation. Monosaccharides are simple sugars made of 1 molecule of sugar whereas disaccharides are complex sugars made of two molecule of sugar. So, my hypothesis would be that glucose will increase the rate of agitation than sucrose because glucose is a monosaccharose sugar and therefore has one unit of sugar. This will enable the enzymes in the barm to interrupt down the bonds of the simple sugar really easy with less energy, and short period of clip. Whereas saccharose has two unit of sugars and therefore has twice every bit much bonds as glucose sugar which will decelerate down the enzymes action in interrupting down the bonds, as it requires more energy with longer period of clip to interrupt down the bonds. So, in order to look into whether my hypothesis is right or incorrect, I will necessitate to execute the experiment by proving the chief two sugars glucose ( Monosaccharide ) and sucrose ( disaccharides ) . Experimental method In the experimental method I have decided to utilize the technique of titration. A titration is a technique where a solution of known concentration is used to find the concentration of an unknown solution. So in this experiment, I am traveling to utilize the titration technique to happen out which type of sugar will bring forth a greater rate of agitation. Typically, the titrant is added from a burette to a known measure of the analyte ( the unknown solution ) until the reaction is complete. Knowing the volume of titrant added allows the finding of the concentration of the unknown. Often, an index is used to normally signal the terminal of the reaction, the end point. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.science.uwaterloo.ca/~cchieh/cact/c123/titratn.html Here are some of import setup that are of import to transport out the titration method: * Burette: The burettes are chiefly used for titrations to present one reactant until the precise terminal point of the reaction is reached. Burette used to mensurate the volume of a solution accurately which can be read to an truth of half a division that is to 0.05 cm3.  · Conical flask, beaker: The conelike flasks, beakers are used for commixture, reactant and transporting but non for accurate measurings. The volume stamped on the sides of the conelike flask and beaker is approximative and accurate to within 5 % . * Pipette: Pipets are used to mensurate little sums of solution really accurately and it has a bulb to pull the solution into the pipette. It transfers 25 cm3 ( normally to  ±0.05 cm3 ) of a solution into a conelike flask. * Funnel: is a pipe with a broad, frequently conelike oral cavity and a narrow root ( this will be needed to do certain the transferring of the Na hydrated oxide into the burette in smooth and safe as possible ) . * 0.1M of Na hydrated oxide: will be used as the solution in the burette which will bespeak the sum of base that is needed to neutralize the acid in the fermented solution. * Phenolphthalein bespeaking solution: this index solution will assist us see when the solution in the conelike flask alterations, it is really of import that we use the same sum of beads on both solutions this will assist us acquire an accurate coloring material alteration consequence. Apparatus: * 2 g dried beer maker s barm. * 200cm 0.2 M fruit sugar. * 200cm 0.2 M milk sugar. * 2 ten 0.5 g ammonium phosphate. * 2 ten 0.5 g ammonium sulfate. * 3 ten 250cm broad necked conelike flask. * 2 ten silicone gum elastic spile with two holes. * 3 ten glass agitation lock. * 3 ten 15cm dead set glass pipette with 3cm gum elastic tube. * 3 ten limitation cartridge holder ( Hoffman cartridge holder ) . * 3 ten glass rod. * 50cm burette. * 3 ten pipettes. * 0.1 M Na hydrated oxide solution ( about 400cm ) . * Phenolphthalein index solution and dropping pipette. Procedure for twenty-four hours 1: 1. Label two 250cm flask: fruit sugar and lactose and control ( H2O ) . Add 200cm of 0.2 M sugar solution to the named flasks and 200cm of H2O to the control flask. 2. Add 2 g of dried beer maker s barm and so 1 g of ammonium salts to each flask ( 0.5 g each of ammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate ) . 3. Ensure that the barm is respuspended and the salts are dissolved in the sugar solution by carefully stirring each solution with a different glass rod. 4. Carefully and steadfastly infix the agitation lock and dead set pipette into the silicone gum elastic spiles. 5. topographic point the spiles steadfastly into the cervix of the flasks To help the agitation the flask should be placed in an brooder ( 15 20 C ) . Procedure for twenty-four hours 2: 1. Put up a burette incorporating 0.1 M Na hydrated oxide solution. 2. Twirl the flask to guarantee a homogeneous mix of civilization and take a sum of 25cm of sample ( 10cm + 15cm ) . 3. Put the remotion sample into a little flask and add two or three beads of phenolphthalein solution. 4. Plot a histogram of the volume of the base used to neutralize each sugar solution. The histogram can be used to bespeak the extent of agitation. Justifying twenty-four hours one process: There are few things that can impact the readying of the solutions which are normally known as a possible mistakes and these mistake can come from: Weighing balance: we used the 2 denary topographic point balance to weigh our samples and I think the deliberation of the sample would non be dependable as it measures to 2 denary topographic points. In this instance our consequences might be undependable because we can non find whether it is the exact weight of the sample we are mensurating. For illustration if we weighed out 3g of barm on the 2 denary topographic point balance it would merely demo 3.00g, whereas if we used another balancer which measures the sample to an truth of 4 denary topographic points it would hold been better because it would give us 3.0000g. Stiring rod: depending on the gait of stirring the solution if we did nt utilize the stirring rod gently and often it would impact the solubility of the sample that we are doing, this is because sometimes we may believe that all the solid portion in a solution are to the full dissolved in the sample. However, sometimes a little sum of the solid may non fade out decently without detecting it. Therefore, it is really of import that we had to stir the solution gently and often so that the full solid are wholly dissolved. Room temperature: go forthing the solution to ferment over dark the temperature of the room is non changeless because at dark the temperature decreases which would hold an consequence on the rate of reaction of the agitation by decelerating the reaction down. It would hold been better if I could utilize a H2O bath so we can take a full control of the temperature and besides do it changeless. Duration for agitation: the continuance that was provided for agitation was non plenty for the barm to ferment, if the solution was left for longer period clip the sample might hold fermented better and besides if would hold left the solution for longer dark likely 2 to 3 darks it would hold been better excessively. However, go forthing the samples for more than 4 to 6 darks could impact the rate of agitation because the longer we leave a sample the more contaminated the sample may acquire by bacteriums. Justifying the process of twenty-four hours 2: In twenty-four hours 2 we have used the technique of titration to happen out which type of sugar will bring forth a greater rate of agitation. However, the manual titration technique is non every bit accurate as it is industries. The titration technique is carried more accurately on an industrial graduated tables because of the machine-controlled machines that are used are automated which carry out the titration in a more accurate manner and more than one sample at a clip. The titration method: the method merely allows us to make one titration at one time which was non suited for our clip graduated table. We were utilizing two burettes one for each solution but we still had to run one burette at a clip. Time: I think the period of the titration was non sufficient because we had to transport out three titrations and three repetitions for each type of sugar including the control, maintaining in head that we had to enter the all values accurately from the titration. Therefore, we would hotfoot in the experiment to complete all the titrations every bit rapidly as we perchance can, so we would non transport out the probe in an appropriate manner which could impact our overall consequence. Recording the consequences and how many repetitions will be performed In this probe I will be utilizing two types of sugars which are glucose and sucrose and a control which is H2O. For each type of sugar including the control I will do 3 repetitions so that I can acquire an mean consequence of the volume of the Na hydrated oxide which has been used. I would execute a unsmooth titration for each sugar to assist me to make up ones mind about where the terminal point is traveling to be and how much volume of the Na hydrated oxide will I need to neutralize the solution that I am proving Type Titre1 Cm? Titre2 Cm? Titre3 Cm? Average Cm? Glucose 22.65 34.85 25.90 27.80 Sucrose 52.00 40.45 40.750 46.73 Control 8.15 17.60 8.15 11.30 Once I have completed the experiment and recorded my consequences accurately to two denary topographic points, so I will work the mean consequence for both sugars and the control for illustration, for glucose sugar I would add the consequences that I have obtained including the unsmooth one and so split the reply by three. Once I have calculated the mean consequence for both sugars and the control, so I would plot a graph to demo the volume of Na hydrated oxide that has been used to neutralize each solution which will assist to compare which type of sugar fermented better. Titration consequences Decision from the consequences During the titration procedure I kept watching for the coloring material of the solution we were titrating to alter from nebulose white solution to a light pink coloring material. The light tap color indicate that that neutralization of the solution we are giggling is completed which known as the terminal point. Looking at this tabular array it shows that saccharose has a greater rate of agitation than glucose because it has a higher titer of Na hydrated oxide that was needed to neutralize the solution. Therefore, this indicates that saccharose was more acidic and more CO2 dissolved in the sample that we were proving and besides more agitation evaluation took topographic point. Accuracy of process and each piece of equipment used Each piece of equipment we have used, we take the volumes reading from the underside of the semilunar cartilage. Burette used to mensurate the volume of a solution accurately which can be read to an truth of half a division that is to 0.05 cm3. * Rinse equipments before usage: We have used distilled H2O to rinse the equipment before we carry out our probe because the equipment may non rinse decently so it contains other solutions which would do our consequences undependable. By rinsing the equipment before utilizing them, would diminish the possibility of acquiring of taint. * Labeling equipments: We had to label the conelike flasks to guarantee that the right sugar is in its labeled conelike flask because sugars look the same so labelling conelike flasks would assist us place the solution rapidly without acquiring assorted up of which sugar belongs to which flask. * Ammonium salt: As we know that yeast gets nutrient from the milieus and hence, we have used the ammonium salt and ammonium phosphate is to feed the barm with alimentary as ammonium hydroxide contributes to nutritionary demands of such being.  · Using room temperature for agitation: Because enzymes within barms are from different home grounds therefore utilizing different temperatures for each type of sugar would impact the agitation procedure. Therefore we decided to utilize room temperature as it is suited for both types of sugar and the barm in which perform the agitation procedure.  · Twirling flasks: It is really of import that we had to twirl the flasks decently before taking the samples out because it would assist guarantee that all the solids are to the full dissolved in the solution and becomes complete solution.  · Using pipette filler to take the samples: we would be utilizing pipette filler because it is good equipment for taking about 25cm3 of the solution.  · Phenolphthalein index: We have used this index solution to assist us to see when the solution in the conelike flask alterations, so we had to utilize the same sum of beads on both solutions so that we get an accurate coloring material alteration consequence. Evaluation: The dependability and the truth of the probe: It is really of import that we had to follow all the instructions carefully that were provided to us because it would assist us work more accurately and acquire better consequence on our experiment. However, we would non anticipate to acquire the same consequences for each repetition of titration, because it depends on finding the terminal point of the reaction. For illustration, the cloudy white coloring material is rather similar to the light tap color therefore ; sometimes it is hard to find whether the exact terminal point has been achieved or non, and so we would nt anticipate to acquire the same consequences for each clip we repeat the experiment. As a consequence, it would be better to keep the solution up to the visible radiation to assist us find the exact terminal which is the light pink colur in the same scope. As we know that barms perform better under anaerobiotic conditions, so if O got into the solution so the status inside the conelike flask will alter to aerobic and the procedure of agitation will non take topographic point. As a consequence, we had to guarantee that the procedure is taking topographic point with the absence of O conditions, so we ensured that the spile was steadfastly fastened into the conelike flask that contained the fermenting solution. It was really of import that that the spile was fastened otherwise the air that came from the environing would impact the barm respiration by acquiring into the conelike flask to the solution that we were fermenting. Furthermore, if the spile is non fastened decently so C dioxide will leak from the conelike flask would impact on the sourness of the solution because the Na hydrated oxide needs to be titrated with an acidic substance so to accomplish neutralization of the solution in the flask. Therefore, maintaining the spile fastened will maintain the procedure of agitation under anaerobiotic status. When the samples had been left to ferment nightlong, bubbles were produced on the top of the solution because the bubbles were formed from the C dioxide gas being given off from the reaction in the solution. This may hold an consequence on the measuring of the solution in both the pipettes and burettes because the solution must be measured from its semilunar cartilage. Therefore we have got to be careful while taking the reading of the solution to take from the semilunar cartilage which is the curve at the top of the liquid if did so we would acquire more accurate and dependable consequences. There is another factor which can do our probe undependable which the temperature. This can hold a major consequence on the rate of agitation because enzymes are really sensitive to temperature. Enzymes speeds up the biochemical reactions and they work best at an optimal temperature, nevertheless if the temperature has increased it will supply more kinetic energy to the molecules involved. Therefore the figure of hits between enzyme and substrate will increase every bit good as the rate of reaction. If temperature rises above the optimal the enzymes will be denatured. The bonds which are keeping the construction together will interrupt and the active sites lose their form and will no longer respond. There are some factors in which can hold an consequence on our overall consequence such as, room temperature, weighing and the concentration of the samples. So Now I traveling to do a tabular array to demo the variables, the effects they may impact the probe and how they can be controlled during the experiment to acquire more accurate and dependable informations. Controls and variables during this experiment: Variables The effects on the experiment How could it be controlled Room temperature As we know the room temperature is non changeless therefore it would impact the enzymes action during the procedure of agitation We could hold made the temperature changeless if we placed the samples inside an brooder which will assist the enzymes work better. Weighing Another factor that could impact our overall consequence is that being really near to the weighing balancer while we are weighing our samples because take a breathing on the balancer changes the reading of the sample In order to optimize the effects of the air on the weighing balancer while we are taking the reading of the sample is to utilize an accurate deliberation balancer which is surrounded by glass frame and gives the reading of the sample to four denary topographic points. Concentration of sample If we used the incorrect concentration of the sugars, this would impact on our consequences. In order to do certain that we are utilizing the right concentration we have look carefully at the labels of the solutions which indicates the name of the solution and its concentration. Beginnings Used hypertext transfer protocol: //www.chemie.uni-regensburg.de/Organische_Chemie/Didaktik/Keusch/D-fermentation_sugar-e.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.practicalchemistry.org/experiments/fermentation-of-glucose-using-yeast,109, EX.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.chemie.uni-regensburg.de/Organische_Chemie/Didaktik/Keusch/D-fermentation_sugar-e.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/P/polysaccharide.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.gcsescience.com/rc17-fermentation-yeast-alcohol.htm

Considering Cases Concerning to Gathering Information, Types of Assignment

Considering Cases Concerning to Gathering Information, Types of Evidence - Assignment Example The written contract or will upon which an action is based is real evidence both to prove its terms and that it was executed by the defendant. If it is written in a faltering and shaky hand, it may also be relevant to show that the writer was under duress at the time of its execution. The bloody clothes, the murder weapon, a crumpled automobile, the scene of an accident—all are samples of what may be considered to be real evidence. To be admissible, real evidence, like all evidence, must be relevant, material, and competent. Establishing these three basic prerequisites is called laying a foundation. The relevance and materiality of real evidence are usually obvious. Its competence is established by showing that it really is what it is supposed to be. Proving that real or other evidence is what it purports to be is called authentication. Tex. Evid. Code  §401; Fed. Rules Evid.  §901. Real evidence may be authenticated in three ways--by identification of a unique object, by identification of an object that has been made unique, and by establishing a chain of custody. You only have to be able to use one of these ways, though it is prudent to prepare to use an alternate method in case the court is not satisfied with the one you have chosen. Tex. Evid. Code  §301; Fed. Rules Evid.  §Ã‚ §901, 902, 903.

Chinese Intellectual History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Chinese Intellectual History - Essay Example The thinkers had developed their thoughts by using their individual philosophy. They suggested their own ideas about the military, political as well as economic policies to make a single ideal monarchy. They inferred that a strong centralized ruling system can only solve the prevailing problem in the country. This will end the continuous war among the six independent states. Because this long-lasting turmoil hampers the everyday life of common people, hinders the production and growth of the states and brings poverty in the economy. The war is happening only because of the desire to achieve power over the others by all of the states. But all of the thinkers, in their thoughts, mentioned that this single monarchist should be ideal ruler who should possess some moral qualities. This would be a â€Å"sage monarch†. They suggested that the ruler should behave in a different way in person and adjust in different ways to the outer world. The monarch should try to implement several p olicies that can bring peace and unity in the â€Å"All under Heaven† (Pines 2). ... The Confucians said that the ideal monarch should follow the early Western Zhou kings. They prioritize the implementation of ritual performances. The Mohists criticized the prevailing warfare. They suggested quick reduction in the government expenditure and a hierarchical political structure should be made. The ranks would be given in accordance to the wealth of a person in the society. Every bureaucrat should obey the person above his rank. They also imposed the idea of moral value with universal love. In such love, all people should treat others in the same fashion irrespective of the relationship between them. The Daoists recommended that the ideal ruler should practice psychosomatic training by meditation. The ruler would not be engaged in the active ruling of the government and would let to take place things and events in natural way. This way, everything in the universe would be arranged in their own way (Ivanhoe and Norden 1-312). The above schools of thought argued that singl e monarchy is essential for peace in Heaven. Another school of thought is the legalists who suggested that one single state must be created. This creation can be done by implementing one strong armed force and by developing policies to strengthen the military forces, legal activities and economic resources of one single state. This state, by using its strengths and resources, therefore, could achieve the power over the other states. This article will examine the idea what Yuri Pines highlighted in his book that how the thinkers analysed their conception of getting peace in a time of change in political system. The article would not discuss about all of them but about the idea of only one

Stopping bullying in schools Essay Example for Free

Stopping bullying in schools Essay It is sometimes difficult to understand how schools can provide the environment for bullying to take place yet they are very well supervised. Bullying however is carried out secretly and in hidden areas and adults including parents and teachers are not able to notice when it is going on. Other reasons that make it hard to detect is the fact that the school staff may see it as harmless play and therefore decide not to intervene. There may also be lack of enough supervisory settings that could lead to detecting the behavior in its likely occurrences (Wright, 2003). a) Laws on Bullying Anti bullying legislation has been developed to help curb the rise and spread of bullying within the school environment. The legislation provides for firm and fair enforcement of discipline within the school and security measures that provide for a climate that does not allow for bullying and threat making. The laws have been developed to help the school administrators’ deal with the issue. They require the schools to develop anti bullying policies and programs (Clabough, 2010). A national legislation that is against bullying has been proposed to make it mandatory for all schools to have these programs and policies that will help reduce the bullying incidents. The laws have been developed to emphasis to the schools that much is not being done to deal with bullying and that more needs to be done since bullying is an important issue that is affecting the schools. The laws are allowing for various legal actions to be taken up against the bullies who are reported to have bullied a fellow student. The legal action to be taken depends on the type of offence that has been reported (Clabough, 2010). For example where the offence reported involved included threatening the victim, legal action can be taken for threatening behavior and this is treated as a criminal offence. When the bullied acts involve sexual assault towards the victim, the legal action can be taken against indecent assault which is also treated as a criminal offence. An offence of common assault is charged against the bully when the victim was physically abused. Legal action may also include applying for an injunction against the bullies to prevent them from bullying the victim. The injunction can be used to instill fear upon the bully and hence stopping them from bullying the victim. Legal action however is only carried out if the actions of the bully are in more that two separate occasions and they are constant and ongoing. Evidence has to be gathered to prove the harassment and it must show that it led to severe damages to the victim (Clabough, 2010). The two offences of indecent assault and common assault can also be carried out without touching the victim. b) Their importance The anti bully legislation is very important in reducing the cases of bullying in the schools when everything has failed. The law can help sensitize the issue and teach the parents and teachers the need and importance of stopping the bullying behavior as it leads to severe consequences that are long term in some cases. The teachers and staff at the schools are taught how to identify and deal with bullying cases and establish effective strategies that enable the children report the cases of bullying within the school (Antibullying, n. d). The laws can also be used to teach and educate the children on bullying the strategies and types of bullies that are in existence and how they can deal. The laws can also help curb the spread of the practice to other areas like the work places and other environments outside the school environment. Bullies can also be helped since most of them end up committing other crimes in the adulthood (Dombeck, n. d). The consequences of bullying can also be reduced especially where they are long term and severe like in the cases of suicides and psychological impacts on the children. c) Suicides by Children The need for these laws has been necessitated by the increase in the number of suicides cases that have been reported. One case in particular is the case of Phoebe Prince, a 15 year student who committed suicide after she was continuously bullied by her new classmates for over 3 months (Rota, 2010). She had continuously been harassed verbally and physically by nine of her classmates, six of whom have been charged in court since the incident happened (ODowd, 2010). She had been a student of South Hadley High School located in Massachusetts, and had endured a lot of cyber bullying through popular websites like facebook, Twitter, Craigslist and Form spring and she also received threatening messages on her cell phone (Clabough, 2010). In school things had been thrown at her, while her face had been scribbled in her photographs that were hung on the school walls. The parents and the school officials had not done enough to stop the bullying even though they knew of the extent it had gone into. They had instead turned away and assumed a mentality of kids will be kids that led to the suicide. This was one of the cases that led to the Massachusetts anti bully legislation that was to curb such incidents from occurring (GLAD, 2010). d) Long Term Psychological Impact Bullying has been known to lead to long term effects that affect the victim’s psychology. Some of the effects of bullying include self esteem problems that may cause the adult to think lowly of them selves (Dombeck, n. d). They also tend to avoid social situations due to the interpersonal difficulties that they experience. Some of the victims of school bullying have reduced occupational opportunities since they do not get the chance to perform well in school. They have lingering bitterness and desires to seek revenge against the bullies. Some tend to have a lot of difficulty trusting people and they do not make many friends. They therefore tend to be lonely even in their adult life. In some cases the victims of school bullying continue to be bullied even in their work places and in other areas even in their adult life (Dombeck, n. d). e) Helping the Victim Overcome Victims of school bullying are usually very sad and deeply unhappy when they are in school (Banks, 1997). They suffer from low self esteem since they are usually self rejected by the classmates. There are various that the school can help the victims overcome the bullying and prevent it from occurring to them again. The first step of intervening is to ensure the victims safety. The victims are usually weaker than the bullies and hence they are not able to face the bullies on their own. The victims can be monitored when they are in schools to identify the times that they are bullied (Wright, 2003). The victim can also be encouraged to make friends with other students who will influence him or her positively. This will help increase the self esteem and confidence of the victim. As the victim makes more friends they may be able to help him when they are being bullied. They can be taught basic social skills to enable them make more friends. Mentors can also be allocated to the children who are bullied to be able to monitor them and protect them from the bullies (Wright, 2003). Victims can also be taught some skill that can they can use to stand up to the bullies especially when they abuse is verbal. The parents of the victims can help the children to overcome the effects of bullying. The parents can become more involved in the lives of the child to ensure that they are able to notice the instances of bullying. They can help the child speak out when they are being bullied. Counseling can also help the child deal with the psychological effects of bullying such as depression, low self esteem and anxiety. They can therefore be able to deal with the anger that they may feel against the bullies and the need to seek revenge (Dombeck, n. d). f) Helping Bullies Bullying is normally carried out in a secretive manner and can be difficult to identify within the schools (Wright, 2003). Teachers and school administrators may not be aware of how it is carried out. They must therefore assess the seriousness of the behavior and ensure that the students are aware of the seriousness of the matter. They should also be aware of the consequences of bullying and the charges that exist for bullies. If the bullies continue threatening the lives of the other students the teachers and the school administrators should now come up with ways to help the bullies turn around their behaviors. They can confront the bullies in a firm and fair manner that will not provoke them. They can communicate to the bullies without threatening them and give stern warnings that their behavior will not be tolerated. More stern measures can be put up if the bullies do not change their behavior. The confrontations should be carried out in private to ensure that they bully does not become defiant and refuse to compliance (Wright, 2003). To encourage them to change their behavior they can be rewarded if the cases for bullying reduce. Parents can be involved in the process to establish the reasons that lead the children to bully others. Where the reasons are based on the environment at home the parents can be involved in the process of reforming the behaviors of the bullies. Counseling can be used to help the children deal with the issues at home and reduce their chances of taking out their problems or anger on other students (Banks, 1997).